Cistercian abbeys, a unique cultural heritage in Europe

From the 12th century onwards, Cîteaux covered almost the entire geographical territory of Europe with more than two thousand monasteries.

Located mainly outside towns, these abbeys were complemented by barns, mills, forges and other outbuildings. This shows just how extensive this complex was. Most of it was in place before the middle of the 14th century. Over time, many abbeys inevitably suffered from external or internal turmoil.

An invaluable legacy

But the fact remains: this European heritage is still very much present at the beginning of the 21st century. It is a legacy of history that is both tangible and intangible. It is an invaluable legacy in many respects: in terms of its territorial coverage, its rapid expansion, its mode of operation, its economic impact, its adaptability... and ultimately its imprint on the collective memory of such diverse peoples. A Cistercian abbey, whatever its current condition or status, is a monumental heritage for its local environment, as much as it is part of the cultural heritage of the continent as a whole.

Uniqueness and diversity

A dual-dimensional heritage of remarkable rarity; uniqueness and diversity thus testify to its singular character.

Although Cistercian communities are still very much present, the effects of time have meant that the vast majority of sites are now owned by people who have no connection with the Cistercians, or even with the Catholic religious world.

The new owners have a wide variety of profiles. They include states, public authorities, educational and health establishments, hotels and restaurants, small industries, and above all a large number of places of residence owned by private individuals.

An influence beyond territorial borders

Many of these occupants are working to promote these abbeys in their local areas and beyond. It is a daily challenge to contribute to cultural vitality at the local level. It is also a challenge to perpetuate these cultural links at the regional, national and even European levels.

The European Charter of Cistercian Abbeys and Sites association, founded in 1988, aims to meet this cultural expectation of the current owners and managers of abbeys, whoever they may be. See the page on this website entitled ‘The Charter: a bridge between abbeys’.